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If you’ve ever read a book and thought, "Wow, I interpreted that completely differently than my friend," you’ve experienced Iser’s theory in action.

Iser introduced several transformative concepts to explain the interaction between human consciousness and the written word: Image and Narrative - Article

He believed: 👉 A book is like a musical score. 👉 The reader is the musician who performs it. 👉 The gaps in the story? Those are your solo moments.

Iser's most significant contributions to literary theory are associated with the reader-response criticism movement. He argued that literary texts are not fixed entities with a single, objective meaning but rather dynamic systems that involve the active participation of the reader. According to Iser, the reader plays a crucial role in shaping the meaning of a text by bringing their own experiences, expectations, and biases to the reading process.